The leeks, also known as watercress, taro, and horseshoe grass, are perennial aquatic macrophyte plants native to China, and are produced in Suzhou Taihu and Hangzhou West Lake. The Taihu leeks cultivated in Dongtai Lake in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties were rich in protein, sugar and various amino acids. It is an early famous vegetable and it is the export of our city. One of the important vegetable varieties of foreign exchange. Now its high-quality pollution-free cultivation techniques are introduced as follows. 1. Field selection 1 Select lakes, ponds, rivers, ports, and low-lying fields that meet the requirements of pollution-free vegetable production environment, with flat terrain, convenient irrigation and drainage, rich soil organic matter, good physicochemical properties, silt layer thickness of about 20cm, and pH value. 5.5--6.5 is appropriate. 2 According to the needs of growth and management, the construction of field hoe, ditch, canal, irrigation and drainage facilities generally takes 0.5--0.67 hectares as a unit. 3 Before planting Chinese leeks and other low-lying rice fields, it is necessary to fine-tune the soil, plow 2 - 3 times, deepen 20 - 30cm, use 35--40kg quick lime pond per 667 square meters, remove weeds, algae, etc. 4 In combination with ploughing, the organic liquid Fertilizer is decomposed by 1000--1200kg per 667m2, or 50kg of cooked and cooked cakes. 5 The quality of the cultivation of leeks should be clear, clean, non-polluting, and highly transparent. 2. Planting 2.1 Selecting varieties According to the market demand, choose varieties that are suitable for Taihu Lake region with strong growth potential, high yield, Good Quality, and suitable for export processing, such as red maple, red-leaved green leaves, and red-leaf green alfalfa. 2.2 The parent plant selected as the stem of the stem should be strong, free of pests and disease, and rich in gum. Use stems from the underground stems as stems, and use white stout stem segments, each of which is not less than 2- to 3-sections; stems in water should be used as stems; stems should be stout, old, green, and fibrous; Buds were collected at the end of October and early November. The cuttings were planted in shallow water and transplanted before and after the clearing of the following year. 2.3 Planting time Before and after the Spring Ching Ming in Suzhou area and before and during the winter light snow season. 2.4 Planting methods There are two types of planting and hole planting. Breeding underground stems and stems in the water are planted with strips. Dormant buds are propagated through the winter and planted with holes. The underground stems, stems in water, and dormant buds for winter use must be dug, on-demand, and planted. The planting distance was determined according to the amount of planting and the harvesting period. The row spacing of the rows was 60--100 cm. Each row of stems was arranged in a single row; wintering dormant buds were planted with a row spacing of 100 cm and a spacing of 30 cm. 3. Field Management 3.1 Water level management The leek field cannot be cut off for the whole year, and the normal water level should be maintained at 50--70cm. In spring or in the early stage of transplanting, it is appropriate to shallow water, the water level is 10- 30cm; the water level in the growth stage is 50--70cm, and should not be swelled violently; during the high temperature period in summer, the water level can be properly increased, but not more than 100cm; dormancy stage, put Asada, the water level is 20--30cm, but after the winter, in late November-the following year, the water level is properly deepened to 50--60cm. In order to ensure the quality and normal growth of leeks, during the growth period, it is required to keep running water or replace fresh water. The number of times depends on the quality of the water in Tongtian. During the vigorous growth stage, fresh water should be added for about 3 days. 3.2 Generally no fertilizer is applied during the growing season. Every winter and spring before the sprouting of rootstock, 50kg of super fat cake and 50kg of superphosphate can be prepared, or 1000--2000kg of decomposed organic liquid fertilizer. 3.3 Diseases, Insects, and Weeds The main diseases in the field of leek prevention are leaf rot and root rot. The main pests are waterfowl, waterflies and waterfowl. The main grass damage is moss and water peanuts. 1 Agricultural control. One is to add fresh water in a timely manner to keep the water clear and transparent. The second is to clean the garden in time. After more than 10 days of colonization, weeds must be removed each time weeds are sprouted. During the growth period, weeds are harvested and removed at any time. The third is a reasonable rotation. After the cultivation of the leeks for four to six years, they can be changed to fish ponds to cultivate herbivorous and snail fish. After 1-2 years, they will be planted again. The fourth is the timely replacement. After the plant growth potential begins to weaken, it can be partially or completely removed, and the stems of the robust plants are selected for rearrangement. The fifth is to manually remove. In March, amaranth sprouts and vertebral real screw are concentrated in the vicinity of the leek field and the water outlet, and promptly removed. 2 chemical control. Leaf rot and moss can be sprayed with a 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture (eg, 250 g of copper Sulfate and 250 g of quicklime and 50 kg of water). Water chestnuts Ying Ying can be used 90% crystal trichlorfon 800 times control, leaf roller maggots, waterflies can use efford 2000 times liquid control. 4, harvest 1 harvest time. Mid-April in spring - mid-July, fall in mid-August - early-October. The leeks planted in that year need to be harvested only when the leaves basically reach the surface. 2 harvest method. It is advisable to use small wooden boats or drums and pots to enter the vegetable fields. Manually harvest the tender stems and shoots that are visible underwater and place them in barrels or plastic buckets. Prosperous seasons should be harvested in time. 3 Fresh leeks are rinsed and impurities are removed in a timely manner after harvesting, and immersed in purified water for 1 - 2 days. The leek to be processed should be processed on the day of harvest.
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