1, the previous measures. Before planting, choose fertile, good permeability, sandy soil without salt and alkali. Select the root system intact. No pests and diseases, strong seedlings growing, not selected "small old seedlings" and every other year of false seedlings, otherwise, causing congenital deficiency. 2, water. The cultivation of high-yield grapes should guarantee "three waters", namely winter irrigation (before dormancy, pre-burial protection against cold), spring irrigation (after emergence, pre-emergence) and summer irrigation (fruit growth period). The degree of irrigation can be determined according to the local soil and climate conditions. In August, water control will be started, and winter water will be filled for 7-10 days before burial. 3, fat. The grape fertilization grasps “five levelsâ€. The first is that after the harvest, the basal fertilizer (based on decomposed organic fertilizers) is applied. The amount of fertilizer applied is the proportion of 1 kg of fruit and 3 kg of fertilizer. The second is to apply nitrogen-based quick-acting fertilizer once after germination to promote growth and growth. The third is spraying 0.30% borax or boric acid on the inflorescence to promote fruit setting before flowering and at full flowering stage. The fourth is the rapid growth period of young fruit spray 0.30% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, increase fruit sugar content, once every 10 days, a total of 2-3 spray, top dressing can be combined with spraying. Fifthly, 0.5% urea was sprayed on the leaves after harvest to protect the autumn leaves and promote the differentiation of winter buds. 4, reasonable load and inflorescence trim. 1 Control of production, high yield not only affects the quality and delays maturity, but also tends to cause premature tree failure, and it must strictly control the tree load in production. Under normal management conditions, robust fruit can retain 1-2 fruit. The Zhongyong branch only leaves 1 ear fruit, and the weak branch leaves no fruit (the flower spikes are sparse). The yield per hectare of fresh food products should be controlled at about 22,500 kg, and the brewing variety should be controlled at about 19,500 kg according to the requirements of Xintian Liquor Company. 2 Inflorescence pruning, fresh food species trimmed the inflorescence 1 week before flowering, cut the deputy panicles, rake the tips of the panicles to make the ears compact and tidy, and after the young fruit began to swell, perform another careful ear shaping to remove the poor growth. Or too dense, too small fruit. In the fresh food species, the giant bee species retained 40-45 pieces of fruit per panicle, and the Eurasian species maintained a single panicle weight of about 500-600 grams. After the fruit spikes of fresh foods are shaped, they can be bagged to ensure the cleanliness of the ears and the appearance of the fruit. The grape fruit bags should use paper bags or newspaper bags. The size of the bags varies depending on the variety, but the paper bag volume is larger than the ear. For some fresh fruit varieties with slightly smaller fruit size, 15–20 mg/L gibberellin can be used to soak the ear for 15 days after flowering to promote fruit enlargement, especially for seedless varieties. 5, prevention and control of pests and diseases. Prevention and control of grape diseases and pests should be based on prevention. When spraying pesticides at right time and not spraying highly toxic pesticides to form excellent green foods, the key to prevention and control of pests and diseases is four points: (1) Adopt good agricultural technology measures to cultivate strong tree vigor, especially paying attention to control Yield, application of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, enhance tree resistance. 2 Prevention is heavier than treatment. Before germination, spray 5 times of lime sulfur and 0.30% of sodium pentachlorophenol to the whole tree to completely eradicate overwintering pests and diseases. This spraying is very important and must be carried out carefully. 3 Reasonable use of drugs, each producing area varies with the climate, species, and the types of pests and diseases, so it is necessary to formulate scientific pest control according to local conditions, select the appropriate type of pesticides, and spray pesticides in time. 4 Clear the garden at any time, timely cutting off, burning diseased leaves, diseased branches, diseased fruits, and reducing the source of infection. 6, timely harvest. The harvest time is the key to guaranteeing good quality of the grapes. The criteria for judging the maturity of the grapes is that the characteristics of the fruit are fully displayed and the seeds are completely brown. Only at this time, the color, aroma, taste and shape of the fruit of the excellent variety can be fully expressed, and the highest economic benefit can be obtained.
1. An effective energy consumption saving of 75%
2. Increasing the growth rate of fish and shrimp
3. Maintaining oxygen levels in water
4. Reducing the harmful gases in water
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