Tomatoes are a type of thermophilic vegetable that is neither resistant to cold nor extreme heat. For optimal flowering and fruit setting, the ideal temperature range is between 15°C and 33°C. The best daytime temperature should be around 25°C to 28°C, while nighttime temperatures should ideally stay between 15°C and 17°C. When temperatures drop below 15°C, most tomato varieties struggle to set fruit properly. Similarly, if nighttime temperatures exceed 22°C or daytime temperatures go above 35°C, flower and fruit drop can become severe. In addition to temperature issues, over-fertilization, insufficient light, or improper nutrient balance can also lead to blossom drop.
Flower and fruit drop is a common problem in tomato cultivation, especially in greenhouses covered with plastic film during early spring. Because tomatoes are often planted early, the first and second inflorescences often develop during colder periods, making them more vulnerable to dropping. To improve fruit set, it's important to maintain stable temperatures inside the greenhouse. Another effective method is the use of plant growth regulators such as chlorophenoxyacetic acid, commonly known as "tomato spirit" or "anti-drop hormone."
To prepare the solution, dissolve the chlorophenoxyacetic acid in 95% alcohol or 60-degree sorghum liquor first. Then, add water to create a diluted solution with a concentration of 30-50 mg/L. When the tomato plants have three to four flowers on each cluster, hold a small sprayer in your right hand and gently spray the inflorescence in your left hand. Be careful not to spray the leaves directly, as this may cause phytotoxicity. Apply the solution once a week for best results. This method helps reduce flower and fruit drop, leading to higher yields and better-quality tomatoes.
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