Wheat full-blown disease, also known as black foot disease, is mainly harmful to wheat, barley, corn and other gramineous crops. It is a devastating disease and has been listed as a domestic phytosanitary target. After the wheat was infected, the tillering was reduced, the percentage of spikes decreased, and the grain weight decreased. The lighter plants reduced production by 10-20%, and those with severe diseases reduced production by more than 50%. The disease has spread and spread rapidly. In the absence of any measures, it usually takes only 3 years from sporadic occurrence to major event. 1. Symptoms Wheat full-bleed disease is a root rot and base rot disease. It can develop during the whole wheat growth period. The pathogen only infects roots and stem base 1-2 knots. After the onset of seedlings, the plants are dwarfed with more yellow leaves in the lower position and fewer tillers. Similar to drought-fat deficiency, the primary roots (seed roots) and rhizomes (middle stems) turn dark brown, and in severe cases can cause the whole plant to die. The term "full eclipse" is used to describe the state of serious damage at the seedling stage. During the jointing stage, the winter wheat seedlings returned slowly and slowly, and most of the roots of the diseased plants turned black. The grayish-black mycelium layer appeared at the base of stems and sheaths. After the heading, the diseased plants clustered or spotted and the early dry white ear occurred. The diseased root became black and easy to pull up. Stems and sheaths were covered with a dark brown layer of mycelia. They were black-footed. The color was darkened and black plaster-like. The dark brown granular vesicles covered the shell. When the soil was dry, the characteristics of the black and black plasters were not obvious, and no ascostic shells were formed, but the stem bases and roots became dark brown with white spikes. "Black feet" and "white spikes" are unique symptoms of the adult plant. 2, the law of occurrence of wheat full-blown disease is a fungal disease, the pathogen is capsular sac strain. The pathogenic bacteria mainly passed through the winter and summer of the plant disease and residual manure in the soil of mycelia. After wheat sowing, it can infect, and symptoms such as seedling withering, black feet, black plaster, and white spike appear one after another. Wheat can be affected during the entire growing period, but it is most severe when the seedling period and seedling height are 15 cm. The severity of the disease is affected by many factors. The incidence of replantation was heavy; soil sandy ventilation was good, and alkalescent disease was heavy; soil fertility was heavier, and the Application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer and application of phosphate fertilizer could significantly reduce the incidence; spring rainy, soil moisture is conducive to disease. 3. Prevention and control measures (1) Strengthen plant quarantine. It is forbidden to plant seeds from the ward to prevent the introduction of diseases and protect the disease-free areas. (2) Sporadic epidemic areas, adherence to blockade on the spot, elimination on the spot. Incidence fields must be collected and singles must be collected. Wheat harvested is strictly prohibited, and wheat stalks and wheat stubble can not be returned directly to the field. It is better to harvest the sorghum and then remove the diseased roots and incinerate them to minimize the source of bacteria. In severe disease plots, crop rotation can be implemented, and McLay, wheat cotton and other crop rotations can be implemented to cut off the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria in full erosion and control the development of the disease. Severely occurring plots, which do not grow wheat for three years and change to other crops, can control the occurrence of full-blown rot. At the same time, it is necessary to apply decomposed organic fertilizers, increase the application of phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, and reasonably irrigate them, and eliminate the accumulated water in the fields in time after heavy rain. (3) Chemical control 1 Seed treatment: For every 10 kilograms of wheat seed, 50 grams of the biological agent “the enemy is eroded” (the main component is Bacillus fluorescens) is used for seed dressing. When the seed is seeded, the seeds of wheat are soaked and the agent is mixed evenly. People can sow after drying, and serious plots can increase the amount of medication. Or use 10-20 grams of 2.5% Shiloh suspension seed coating per 10 kg of wheat. Can also be used 12.5% ​​pod fruit Lee (ennoconazole) wettable powder, or 2% rickets (tebuconazole) wettable powder dressing. When dressing or coating, it is necessary to strictly control the dosage so as not to affect the seedling emergence. 2 Daejeon prevention and control: According to the experiment, based on the seed dressing period, using the “eaten enemy” seed dressing, on the basis of the wheat returning green jointing period, the “eclipsing enemy” with 70 grams of water to irrigate 50 kg of water per acre will have a better effect. When irrigating the roots, it is possible to use a worker-peasant-16 type sprayer to remove the sprinkler heads with a gauze pack and apply a small air flow to the roots along the ridge. With 20% triadimefon EC per acre watered 50 kg per acre to irrigate the roots, there is also a certain control effect.

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