"Mini Brain" sends brain waves similar to premature infants to help study brain development disorders such as epilepsy
November 19, 2018 Source: Science and Technology Daily
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];According to a recent online report by Nature, the "mini brain" cultivated in a laboratory dish spontaneously produces brain waves similar to humans for the first time. The pattern looks similar to that of premature babies. This progress may help scientists study early brain development.
A research team led by neuroscientist Alison Muutri of the University of California, San Diego, induces human stem cells to form tissue from the cortex (the brain region that controls cognition and interprets sensory information). They cultivated hundreds of brain organs in 10 months and tested the cells of each brain organ to confirm that the gene set expressed was the same as in the normal developing human brain.
The team continued to document the electroencephalogram (EEG) of these "mini brain" surface activities. Six months later, they found that the "mini brain" had a higher discharge rate than the other brain-like organs created before, and the EEG pattern was unexpected. In mature brains, a synchronized network of neurons forms a discharge at a predictable rhythm, but the "mini brain" exhibits an irregular EEG pattern similar to the chaotic explosion of synchronous electrical activity seen in the developing brain. Comparing these rhythms with the electroencephalogram of premature infants, it was found that the "mini brain" brain waves were similar to those born between 25 weeks and 39 weeks of gestation.
Muuttree pointed out that this "mini brain" is not a real human brain, it does not contain all the cell types found in the cortex, and does not connect with other brain regions. Currently, the research team is working to develop a "mini brain" for a longer period of time to see if it will continue to mature. The researchers also plan to connect these structures to the organoids that mimic the brain or other parts of the body to explore whether it works like a normal cortex.
Song Hongjun, a developmental neuroscientist at the University of Pennsylvania, believes that although the work is still in its infancy, the similarity with the electroencephalogram pattern of premature infants suggests that organs such as “mini brains†can eventually be used to study brain developmental disorders such as epilepsy or Autism. Using organ-like organs to study how EEG patterns originate ultimately helps to understand how EEG rhythms appear in the developing human brain.
Regarding the ethical concerns of the “mini brainâ€, Muutrie said that the current research is still in its very primitive stage, and if there is evidence that the “mini brain†is self-aware, he will consider stopping the project.
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