HIV vaccine has positive data: the immune response lasts at least 6 months
May 21, 2018 Source: WuXi PharmaTech
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];Recently, Inovio Pharmaceuticals announced that the company's HIV vaccine PENNVAX-GP can trigger a strong and long-lasting immune response in clinical Phase I trials. The immune response can be maintained for at least 6 months after the last vaccination.
As of the end of 2016, nearly 35 million people worldwide died from HIV-related causes, with approximately 36 million HIV patients. HIV is a retrovirus that causes AIDS. AIDS causes the body's immune system to gradually weaken, thereby indulging the emergence of life-threatening infections and cancer. HIV can be divided into two major subtypes, HIV-1 and HIV-2, while the most common types of HIV-1 include B (mainly distributed in North America and Europe), A and D (mainly distributed in Africa), and C (mainly Distributed in Africa and Asia) subtypes. The fastest-growing HIV subtype is HIV-1 C subtype, accounting for 48% of global HIV patients. Although the emergence of highly effective antiviral drugs has revolutionized the treatment of this disease in developed countries, we still need safe and effective HIV vaccines to stop the spread of the disease.
Inovio's PENNVAX-GP HIV vaccine is a DNA vaccine produced using the company's SynCon technology platform. It genetically engineered the gene sequences encoding the HIV virus env, gag, and pol antigens into a plasmid DNA vector. When these plasmid DNAs were injected into the body, the CELLECTRA electroporation system developed by Inovio was able to increase their level of cellular uptake by 100 to 1000 times. The antigen encoded by the plasmid DNA expressed by the cell triggers a strong immune response of the human immune system. The advantage of PENNVAX-GP is that it can present multiple antigens at once. Moreover, by selecting DNA sequences, PENNVAX-GP can elicit an immune response against multiple HIV subtypes, which can be used to prevent the spread of multiple HIV subtypes.
In a placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter clinical phase 1 trial called HVTN 098, 94 volunteers received PENNVAX-GP (85) or placebo (9). The PENNVAX-GP DNA vaccine and the plasmid DNA encoding the immune activator IL-12 were injected into the intradermal or intramuscular of the volunteers, while the CELLECTRA system was used to promote the absorption of DNA by the cells.
â–² Dr. J. Joseph Kim, President and CEO of Inovio (Source: Inovio Official Website)
The results of the trial showed that PENNVAX-GP vaccine was able to stimulate HIV-specific CD4+ T cell immune responses in 96% of volunteers, either by intramuscular or intradermal injection. Moreover, the immune response of CD4+ T cells was maintained 6 months after the last vaccination. The dose of vaccine for intradermal injection is only one-fifth of that of intramuscular injection, but the same effect can be achieved.
At the same time, more than 50% of the volunteers will develop a CD8+ T cell immune response, and at 6 months after the last vaccination, the immune response level of CD8+ T cells is the same as that of the last vaccination, even slightly improve. These data clearly indicate that this vaccine can stimulate a lasting memory response.
Dr. J. Joseph Kim, President and CEO of Inovio, said: "We are very pleased to be able to observe such strong and long-lasting immune response data. The performance of HIV vaccine in clinical trials and the Ebola (Zeka) we developed The clinical manifestations of the virus (Zika) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) virus vaccine are very consistent, they are able to stimulate close to 100% of the vaccine response while maintaining good safety. And our new intradermal vaccine delivery system shows We can use a much lower vaccine dose to stimulate a very high immune response. We look forward to working with our partners to further advance the clinical development of PENNVAX-GP."
Reference materials:
[1] Inovio HIV Vaccine, Which Generated Near 100% Immune Responses, Sustained Durable Memory Responses Measured One Year After The Start of Clinical Trial
[2] In early test, Inovio's HIV vaccine delivered immune responses that lasted at least 6 months
[3] Inovio official website
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