1. The relatively clean area or room where the inoculation operation is performed is called a sterile room or an inoculation room. The sterile room has reached a certain degree of sterility, with an area of ​​4-6 square meters and a height of 2-2.2 meters. The interior floor and walls are smooth and smooth. Cement walls are painted or waterproof, anti-mold paint, and plastic and sterilized porcelain tiles are also available. The door of the sterile room should be kept at a fixed distance from the worktable. Usually, the sliding door is used to move the door to the left or right, so it is better to use a clean bench. A sterile chamber that is chemically sterilized is called a chemical sterilization chamber. Edible mushroom cultivation mostly uses such an aseptic chamber. A sterile room for purifying the environment with filtered air is used for mechanical, physical sterilization of sterile rooms, also known as clean rooms. The clean air stream is classified into two types: stratified flow type and turbulent flow type. The turbulent flow type has a low level of cleanliness and is used in industrial production. The mushroom inoculation room is often reconstructed in old buildings and a turbulent clean room with technical corridors needs to be added. The general work area requires air cleanliness of 100, temperature of 23-25°C, relative humidity of 50-65%, and horizontal laminar flow rate of 0.3-0.5 m/s. 2. Precautions for use in the sterile room (1) Use ultraviolet light for 15-30 minutes before use, or spray with 5% stearic acid, 3% coal phenol soap, and then sterilize with ultraviolet light; 2 use Fur Marin - formaldehyde fumigation; 3 after 30 minutes with ozone generator sterilization. The three methods are used interchangeably and the effect is better. After 10-30 days of general use, sterilize again. Special attention should be given to personal purification and familiar operation requirements before entering the sterile room. (2) The sterilization effect test method is to place a number of glucose agar culture plexiglass dishes at a certain height in the room, open the lids for 5 minutes in sequence, and then cover the lids, together with the control glass dishes, to a temperature of 30°C. The cells were cultured for 3 days and the number of colonies was observed. The number of miscellaneous colonies per glass dish exceeds 3 as failure. If it is not qualified, it should be checked again until it is qualified. 3, ultraviolet sterilization lamp for ultraviolet light sterilization device called ultraviolet sterilization lamp. Ultraviolet light is divided into long-wave ultraviolet light and short-wave ultraviolet light, long-wave ultraviolet light is used for health care treatment, and short-wave ultraviolet light is used for sterilization. (1) The principle of sterilization. Ultraviolet sterilization is when the microbial cells are irradiated with ultraviolet rays and absorbed ultraviolet rays, causing chemical changes in the amino acids, plasma proteins, and esters in the cells, which denature the cells and cause the death of bacteria. (2) Use cautions. Ultraviolet radiation is a kind of low-energy electromagnetic radiation. The penetrating power is poor. The factors that affect UV sterilization are: 1 Dust particles and humidity in the air. When the air contains 800-900 particles per cubic meter, the sterilization effect is reduced by 20-30%. When the relative humidity is increased from 33% to 56%, the sterilization effect is reduced to 1/3. 2 ambient temperature. Most lamp designs work at 25-40°C. If the ambient temperature is reduced from 27°C to 4°C, the output energy will be reduced by 65-80%. 3 UV light penetration of solids. In the case of substances that cannot be penetrated by visible light, ultraviolet rays cannot penetrate, and more than 30% of polyvinyl chloride films can be penetrated. However, after 6 hours of irradiation, the transmittance of the UV tubes must be kept clean due to the film denaturation. Ash and grease on the lamp will reduce the amount of UV radiation, should always be wiped with alcohol gauze, can not touch after rubbing. The lamp life is about 2000 hours and must be replaced at regular intervals. Generally, a 30-watt lamp is needed for a room of 10-30 square meters. After 30 minutes of irradiation, a shade cloth is better for 30 minutes, and it also prevents human body damage. 4, ozone generator. When the ultraviolet rays irradiate the air, it will produce ozone, and the device that produces ozone will be called an ozone generator. (1) Sterilization mechanism. Ozone can oxidize and decompose organics and is an effective sterilizer. Ozone sterilizing the gas diffusion, there is no sterilized dead space inside the closed compartment, so the sterilization speed is 1-2 times faster than ultraviolet rays, 8-12 times faster than drugs. Ozone sterilization no residue, only 30-40 minutes ozone will be able to reduce their own oxygen. It is also effective in inhibiting the growth and growth of edible fungi. (2) Common models. Domestically-used ozone sterilizers include FCY series environmental sterilizers and MQ series sterilizers. SS-2801 series air purifier is a device for negative ion and ozone generated by high-pressure corona discharge of air. The wind speed is 1-2 m/s. It is suitable for providing sterile air for inoculation room, sterilization of mushroom house, short-term preservation of food, and air defense. Engineering air purification and so on.
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